EOCT Vocabulary
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Characteristics of
Science: Manipulated Variable Independent Variable Dependent Variable Responding Variable Control DRY MIX Qualitative Observation Quantitative Observation Inference Hypothesis Theory Law Cells: Prokaryote Eukaryote Unicellular Multicellular Characteristics of Living Things Homeostasis Enzyme Substrate Catalyst Protein Amino Acid Carbohydrate Monosaccharide Lipid Fatty Acid Nucleic Acid Nucleotide Monomer Polymer Biological Macromolecule Organic Solvent Solute Solution Organelle Mitochondria Golgi Vacuole Nucleus Ribosome Chloroplast Cell/plasma Membrane Cell Wall Selectively Permeable (and why is it important?) Cells cont. Facilitated Transport Active Transport Passive Transport Diffusion Osmosis Endocytosis Exocytosis Endosymbiotic Theory ATP (structure and function) ADP (structure and function) How is an enzyme and substrate like a key and lock? How is an enzyme and substrate NOT like a key and lock? Products Reactants Active site Activation Energy What things prevent enzymes from doing their job properly? Organism: Photosynthesis Light Reaction Calvin Cycle Thylakoid Grana Stroma Respiration Light energy Chemical energy Glucose vs. ATP Linnaeus Binomial nomenclature Taxonomy 6 Kingdoms 3 Domains Species name Genus name Phosphorolation Cell specialization Autotrophs Heterotrophs Chlorophyll Genetics:DNA RNA Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine Genetics Cont. Double helix Hydrogen bonding (DNA/RNA) Uracil Base Pairing Protein Synthesis Transcription Translation Ribose Deoxyribose Codon Anticodon 3 types of RNA (names and functions) Truebreeding Principle of Dominance Principle of Segregation (of alleles) Principle of Independent Assortment Allele Gene Dominant Recessive Heterozygous Homozygous Monohybrid Dihybrid Genetic Recombination Law of Probability Nondisjunction Mutation Frameshift mutation Point Mutation Insertion (mutation) Deletion (mutation) Chromosomal mutations Substitution (mutation) Sexual reproduction (process and results) Asexual reproduction (process and results) Gel Electrophoresis DNA fingerprinting Genetic Engineering GM plant Selective breeding 3 ways mutations can occur Meiosis Mitosis Prophase/Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase Cytokinesis Haploid Diploid Tetrad Homologous Chromosome |
Genetics continued: Crossing Over Transgenic organisms What does DNA have to do before the cell replicates in mitosis? Why is it important for the homologous chromosomes to cross over in meiosis? Genotype Phenotype Genotypic ratios of crosses Phenotypic rations of crosses Germ cells Gametes Zygote Gene Therapy Recombinant DNA Ecology: Atoms Molecules Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organisms Species Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere Ecology Biotic Factors Abiotic factors Population density Growth rate Exponential growth Logistic growth Carrying capacity Density-dependent factors Density-Independent factors Terrestrial ecosystems Aquatic ecosystems Marine Ecosystems (salt water) Niche Habitat Tundra Taiga Tropical Rainforest Temperate Deciduous Forest Ecology cont. Desert Biomes Grasslands Marine Biomes Freshwater Biomes Primary Producers Consumers Decomposers Trophic levels Adaptations Food chain Food web Energy pyramid Nutrient cycling Types of pollution Particulates Smog Acid Rain Greenhouse effect Ozone layer Water pollution The 3 R’s of Conservation Global Warming Pesticide Herbicide Renewable resources Nonrenewable resources Tropisms (plant specifically) – Geotropism, Phototropism, Thigmotropism Hormones Auxin Gibberellins Abscisic acid Innate behavior Reflexes Instincts Territory/Territorial Migration Hibernation Estivation Learned behavior Imprinting Chemical Defence Camouflage Cryptic coloration Primary succession Secondary succession Climax community Extinction Threatened species Endangered species Evolution: Natural Selection Stabilizing Selection Directional Selection Diversifying Selection Disruptive Selection Balancing Selection (heterozygote advantage/frequency-dependent selection) Heterozygote advantage Genetic load Charles Darwin Lamarck Inheritance of Acquired characteristics Malthus Reproductive Isolation Population genetics Adaptive radiation Convergent Evolution Speciation Geographical Isolation Gradualism Punctuated equilibrium Radioisotope dating Relative dating Phylogeny Fitness Scientific evidence for natural selection Theory Biodiversity Ancestry Geologic History Homologous Structures Chemical resistance as a modern example of biological evolution |